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1.
ABCD arq. bras. cir. dig ; 36: e1788, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1533302

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The impact of Helicobacter pylori (HP) on postoperative outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is still controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to compare the incidence of early complications after SG between HP-positive and HP-negative patients. Eight retrospective comparative studies were included, comprising 4,877 individuals. The prevalence of HP infection in gastric resected specimens ranged from 7.77 to 43.20%. There were no statistically significant differences between groups for overall complications (OR 1.46; 95%CI 0.95-2.23; p=0.08), bleeding (OR 1.35; 95%CI 0.70-2.60; p=0.38), and leak (OR 1.74; 95%CI 0.80-3.81; p=0.17) rates. The need for routine screening and treatment of HP infection before SG remains ambiguous.


RESUMO O impacto do Helicobacter pylori (HP) nos desfechos pós-operatórios da Gastrectomia Vertical (GV) ainda é controverso. Uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise foram realizadas para comparar a incidência de complicações pós-operatórias depois da GV entre pacientes HP-positivo e HP-negativo. Oito estudos comparativos retrospectivos foram incluídos, englobando 4.877 indivíduos. A prevalência de infecção por HPnos espécimes gástricos ressecados variou de 7,77 a 43,20%. Não houve diferença estatística significante entre os grupos para complicações gerais (OR 1,46; IC95% 0,95-2,23; p=0,08), sangramento (OR 1,35; IC95% 0,70-2,60; p=0,38), e fístula (OR 1,74; IC95% 0,80-3,81; p=0,17). A necessidade de rastreio e erradicação rotineira do HP antes da GV permanece ambígua.

2.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 36: e1767, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513514

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Patients with obesity present multiple comorbid psychiatric conditions and experience impairments in health-related quality of life. Reliable and valid tools that evaluate health-related quality of life are essential for clinical practice. AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the six-item Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire II among Brazilian patients with severe obesity. METHODS: We assessed 387 patients (mean age 43 years, 78.8% women, mean body mass index of 46.5 kg/m²) on the waiting list of a bariatric surgery center. Trained research assistants concurrently applied the Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II, the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Functioning for assessing health-related quality of life, comorbid depressive symptoms, and patient functioning level, respectively. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II was considered acceptable. The total score was correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms and functioning level. The more body mass index increases, the more health-related quality of life worsens. The Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II presented a unidimensional structure. CONCLUSIONS: The unidimensional Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II is a reliable and valid measure for evaluating health-related quality of life in Brazilian patients with severe obesity. The questionnaire allows to quickly assess the health-related quality of life of patients in different bariatric contexts, considering depression and functional level.


RESUMO RACIONAL: Pacientes com obesidade apresentam múltiplas condições psiquiátricas comórbidas e experienciam prejuízos na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. Ferramentas confiáveis e válidas que avaliam a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde são essenciais para a prática clínica. OBJETIVOS: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a confiabilidade e validade do Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II de seis itens entre pacientes com obesidade grave. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 387 pacientes (idade média de 43 anos, 78,8% mulheres, índice de massa corporal (IMC) médio de 46,5 kg/m², na lista de espera de um centro cirurgia bariátrica. Assistentes de pesquisa treinados aplicaram simultaneamente o Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II, a Escala de Depressão de Montgomery-Åsberg e a Avaliação Global do Funcionamento para avaliar, respectivamente, a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, os sintomas depressivos comórbidos e o nível funcional do paciente. RESULTADOS: A consistência interna do Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II foi considerada aceitável. A pontuação total do Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II foi correlacionada com a gravidade dos sintomas depressivos e nível funcional. Quanto maior o IMC, menor a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde. O Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II apresentou uma estrutura unidimensional. CONCLUSÕES: O questionário Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life-II unidimensional é confiável e válido na avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em pacientes brasileiros com obesidade grave. O questionário permite avaliar rapidamente a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde dos pacientes em diferentes contextos, considerando depressão e nível funcional.

3.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 59(4): 513-521, Out,-Dec. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420207

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Bariatric surgery promotes changes in body composition, that can include the loss of bone mineral density (BMD). There is a lack of studies on the evolution of bone health of elderly people who underwent bariatric surgery, in general, and when comparing the gastric bypass (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) techniques. Objective: To evaluate the bone health of elderly patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: This is a prospective randomized clinical study, that was carried out with individuals of both sexes, ≥65 years, undergoing GB or SG and who met the inclusion criteria. Age, gender and comorbidities (type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and osteoarthrosis) were collected and analyzed at baseline. Anthropometric data (weight, body mass index, percentage of weight loss, percentage of excess weight loss), laboratory tests related to bone health and bone mineral density were analyzed before and 24 months after surgery. Results: A total of 36 patients (GB, n=18; SG, n=18) were evaluated. At baseline, except for sex and preoperative body mass index, which was higher in GB, groups were similar. After 24 months, GB was superior for weight loss (%WL) and excess weight loss (%EWL). Regarding bone health, a significant decrease of BMD was observed in the spine, total proximal femur and femoral neck in all groups, with an average decrease of 5.1%, 10.5% and 15.1%, respectively. In addition, the observed decrease in BMD was up to 25% in the total femur after 24 months, six patients went from normal BMD to osteopenia and one from osteopenia to osteoporosis. There was no difference in parathormone values. However, there was an association between the increase in parathormone and the decrease in BMD in the spine, mainly in the GB group. There was no association between %WL and %EWL with the reduction in BMD. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery was related to the reduction of BMD in elderly patients, but there was no statistical difference between the two surgical techniques.


RESUMO Contexto: A cirurgia bariátrica promove mudanças na composição corporal, que incluem a perda de densidade mineral óssea (DMO). Faltam estudos que avaliem a evolução da saúde óssea de idosos que foram submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica, e sobre eventuais diferenças nessa evolução, quando comparadas as técnicas Bypass gástrico (BP) e gastrectomia vertical (GV). Objetivo: Avaliar a saúde óssea de pacientes idosos com obesidade submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo randomizado, realizado com indivíduos de ambos os sexos, ≥65 anos, submetidos a BP ou GV e que atendiam os critérios de inclusão. Idade, sexo e comorbidades (diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensão arterial, dislipidemia e osteoartrose) foram coletados no momento da cirurgia bariátrica. Dados antropométricos (peso, índice de massa corporal, percentual de perda de peso, percentual de excesso de peso), exames laboratoriais relacionados a saúde óssea e densitometria óssea foram realizados antes e com 24 meses de pós-operatório. A evolução das variáveis estudadas foi feita comparando o pré e pós-operatório da casuística como um todo e dos grupos separadamente e entre si. Resultados: Um total de 36 pacientes (BP, n=18; GV, n=18) foram avaliados. As características basais da amostra, exceto pelo sexo e índice de massa corporal, que era maior no BP, foram homogêneas. Após 24 meses, o BP foi superior para perda de peso (%PP) e perda de excesso de peso (%PEP). Quanto à saúde óssea, observou-se uma diminuição significante da DMO na coluna, fêmur proximal total e colo do fêmur em ambos os grupos, com uma média de queda de 5,1%, 10,5% e 15,1%, respectivamente. Além disso, a queda da DMO observada foi de até 25% no fêmur total após 24 meses, seis pacientes passaram de DMO normal para osteopenia e um de osteopenia para osteoporose. Não houve diferença nos valores de paratormônio. Entretanto, houve associação entre o aumento do paratormônio e a redução da DMO na coluna, particularmente no grupo BP. Não foi observado associação entre %PP e %PEP com a redução da DMO. Conclusão: A cirurgia bariátrica se relacionou com a redução da DMO, porém sem diferença estatística entre as duas técnicas cirúrgicas.

4.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 59(3): 370-374, July-Sept. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403489

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Bariatric surgery is still controversial in elderly patients with severe obesity. Most publications focus on safety and early clinical outcomes. Food tolerance and nutritional postoperative risk is unknown for this population. Methods: Thirty-six elderly patients with severe obesity were recruited for an open-label randomized trial from September 2017 to May 2019 comparing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB). Food tolerance was accessed by Quality of Alimentation (QoA) questionnaire and data on weight loss, body composition, and nutritional risk were collected between 6 and 24 months after surgery. Results: Comparing LSG to LRYGB patients, the latter had higher total weight loss (22% vs 31%, P=0.01) and excess weight loss (53% vs 68%, P=0.01). Food tolerance to eight food groups was similar between groups (14 vs 15 points, P=0.270), as Suter score (23 vs 25, P=0.238). Daily protein intake was below recommendation in both groups (40 vs 51 g/d, P=0.105). Nutritional risk, evaluated through Standardized Phase Angle (-1.48 vs -1.99, P=0.027), was worse for LRYGB group. Conclusion: Food tolerance and adequacy of food consumption were similar in both groups. LRYGB patients had higher nutritional risk.


RESUMO Contexto: A cirurgia bariátrica ainda é controversa em pacientes idosos com obesidade grave. A maioria das publicações tem foco em segurança e desfechos clínicos precoces. A tolerância alimentar e o risco nutricional pós-operatório são desconhecidos para essa população. Métodos: Trinta e seis pacientes idosos com obesidade grave foram recrutados para um estudo clínico randomizado de setembro de 2017 a maio de 2019 comparando gastrectomia vertical com Bypass Gástrico em Y-de-Roux (BGYR). A tolerância alimentar foi avaliada pelo questionário de qualidade alimentar e dados sobre perda de peso, composição corporal e risco nutricional foram coletados entre 6 e 24 meses após a cirurgia. Resultados: Comparando os pacientes de gastrectomia vertical com BGYR, estes tiveram maior perda de peso total (22% vs 31%, P=0,01) e perda do excesso de peso (53% vs 68%, P=0,01). A tolerância alimentar para oito grupos foi similar entre grupos 14 vs 15 pontos, P=0,270), bem como o escore de Suter (23 vs 25, P=0,238). A ingestão diária de proteínas foi abaixo do recomendado para ambos os grupos (40 vs 51 g/d, P=0,105). O risco nutricional, avaliado através do ângulo de fase padronizado (-1,48 vs -1,99, P=0,027), foi pior para o grupo do BGYR. Conclusão: A tolerância alimentar e adequação do consumo alimentar foi similar entre os grupos. Pacientes submetidos a BGYR tiveram maior risco nutricional.

5.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 35: e1651, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383206

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease of global impact that has led to an increase in comorbidities and mortality in several countries. Immunoexpression of the incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (3-36) (PYY3-36) can be used as a scorer in the gastrointestinal tract to analyze L-cell activity in response to T2DM treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the presence, location, and secretion of L cells in the small intestine of patients undergoing the form of bariatric surgery denominated adaptive gastroenteromentectomy with partial bipartition. METHODS: Immunohistochemical assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and Western blot analysis were performed on samples of intestinal mucosa from patients with T2DM in both the preoperative and postoperative periods. RESULTS: All results were consistent and indicated basal expression and secretion of GLP-1 and PYY3-36 incretins by L cells. A greater density of cells was demonstrated in the most distal portions of the small intestine. No significant difference was found between GLP-1 and PYY3-36 expression levels in the preoperative and postoperative periods because of prolonged fasting during which the samples were collected. CONCLUSION: The greater number of L cells in activity implies better peptide signaling, response, and functioning of the neuroendocrine system.


RESUMO - RACIONAL: O diabetes tipo 2 (DM2) é uma doença de impacto mundial que tem levado ao aumento de comorbidades e mortalidade em vários países. A imunoexpressão dos hormônios incretínicos glp-1 e pyy3-36, pode ser usada como marcador no trato gastrointestinal para analisar a atividade da célula L em resposta ao tratamento do DM2. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a presença, localização e secreção de células L no intestino delgado de pacientes submetidos à forma de cirurgia bariátrica denominada gastroenteromentectomia adaptativa com bipartição parcial. MÉTODOS: Ensaios imunohistoquímicos, reação quantitativa em cadeia de polimerase em tempo real (qPCR) e análise de manchas ocidentais foram realizados em amostras de mucosa intestinal de pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 nos períodos pré- e pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Todos os resultados foram consistentes e indicaram expressão basal e secreção de peptídeos glucagon-1 (GLP-1) e peptídeos YY (PYY3-36) incretinas por células L. Uma maior densidade de células foi demonstrada nas porções mais distais do intestino delgado. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa entre os níveis de expressão GLP-1 e PYY3-36 nos períodos pré-operatório e pós-operatório, provavelmente devido ao estado de jejum prolongado durante o qual as amostras foram coletadas CONCLUSÃO: O maior número de células L em atividade implica melhor sinalização de peptídeo, resposta e funcionamento do sistema neuroendócrino.

6.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 35: e1646, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383216

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Scopinaro-type biliopancreatic diversion (BPD-S) and its variations are the surgeries that offer the best immediate results in weight loss and regain in the late follow-up. It has a high rate of immediate complications and demands control with frequent laboratory tests. AIMS: The aim of this study was to analyze the late postoperative complications of 1570 patients operated by biliopancreatic diversion with gastric preservation laparoscopic video with up to 20 years of postoperative follow-up. METHODS: In a follow-up period of up to 20 years, the clinical and surgical complications of 1570 patients with grade II or III obesity were evaluated who were operated on from 2001 to 2014 with the same team of surgeons. Clavien Dindo 11 classification was used for analysis and comparison. Laboratory tests and body mass index (BMI) were used in the analysis of late metabolic outcomes. RESULTS: On the one hand, complications in 204 patients were recorded (13%), and 143 patients (9.1%) were reoperated. On the other hand, 61 patients (29.9%), who had postoperative complications were clinically treated with good evolution in 9.2 years (95%CI 8.2-10.3), with a median of 9.5 years (95%CI 6.1-12.9). Gastroileal anastomosis ulcers occurred in 44 patients (2.8%). Patients with malnutrition, severe anemia, or chronic diarrhea were operated on with common loop elongation (n=64 - 4%), conversion to gastric diversion (n=29 - 5%), or reversal of surgery (n=10 - 0.6%). One death was registered throughout casuistry (0.06%). CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic result of DBP-S was considered excellent in most patients, even referring to changes in the frequency of bowel movements, loose stools, and unpleasant odor. Complications are usually serious and most of the patients require surgical treatment. Therefore, the biliopancreatic diversion of Scopinaro should be reserved for exceptional cases, as there are safer surgical alternatives with less serious side effects.


RESUMO - RACIONAL - A derivação biliopancreática tipo Scopinaro (DBP-S) e suas variações são as cirurgias que oferecem os melhores resultados imediatos na perda de peso e de reganho de peso no acompanhamento tardio. Apresenta índice elevado de complicações imediatas e demanda controle laboratorial frequente. OBJETIVOS - Analisar as complicações pós-operatórias tardias de 1.570 pacientes operados por derivação biliopancreática com preservação gástrica videolaparoscópica com até 20 anos de acompanhamento pós-operatório. MÉTODOS - Foram avaliadas as complicações clínicas e cirúrgicas, no acompanhamento tardio de até 20 anos, de 1.570 pacientes com obesidade grau II ou III, operados no período de 2001 a 2014, por uma mesma equipe de cirurgiões. A classificação de Clavien Dindo 11 foi empregada para análise e comparação. Exames laboratoriais e índice de massa corpórea (IMC) foram utilizados na análise dos resultados metabólicos tardios. RESULTADOS - Foram registradas complicações em 204 pacientes (13%), e 143 (9,1%) foram reoperados. Por outro lado, 61 pacientes (29,9%), no período de 9,2 anos (IC 95% 8,2-10,3), com mediana de 9,5 anos (IC 95% 6,1-12,9), que tiveram complicações pós-operatórias foram tratados clinicamente, com boa evolução. A úlcera de anastomose gastroileal ocorreu em 44 pacientes (2,8%). Os pacientes com desnutrição, anemia grave ou diarreia crônica foram operados com alongamento da alça comum (n=64 - 4%), conversão para bypass gástrico (n=29 - 5%) ou reversão da cirurgia (n=10 - 0,6%). Foi registrado um óbito ao longo de toda a casuística (0,06%). CONCLUSÕES - O resultado metabólico da DBP-S foi considerado excelente na maioria dos pacientes, mesmo referindo-se a alteração da frequência de evacuações, fezes amolecidas e com odor desagradável. As complicações são geralmente graves e a maioria demanda tratamento cirúrgico. Portanto, a derivação biliopancreática de Scopinaro deve ser reservada a casos excepcionais, pois existem alternativas cirúrgicas mais seguras e com efeitos colaterais menos graves.

8.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 35: e1681, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1402865

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Enteroendocrine L cells can be found in the entire gastrointestinal tract and their incretins act on glycemic control and metabolic homeostasis. Patients with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus may have lower density of L cells in the proximal intestine. AIMS: This study aimed to analyze the density of L cells in the segments of the small intestine in the late postoperative of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in diabetic patients with standardization of 60 cm in both loops, alimentary and biliopancreatic. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry analysis assays were made from intestinal biopsies in three segments: gastrointestinal anastomosis (GIA= Point A), enteroenteral anastomosis (EEA= Point B= 60 cm distal to the GIA) and 60 cm distal to the enteroenteral anastomosis (Point C). RESULTS: A higher density of L cells immunostaining the glucagon-1 peptide was observed in the distal portion (Point C) when compared to the more proximal portions (Points A and B). CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of L cells is higher 60 cm distal to enteroenteral anastomosis when comparing to proximal segments and may explain the difference in intestinal lumen sensitization and enterohormonal response after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.


RESUMO RACIONAL: As células L enteroendócrinas podem ser encontradas na extensão de todo trato gastrointestinal e suas incretinas atuam no controle glicêmico e da homeostase metabólica. Estudos mostram que pacientes obesos graves com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 apresentam má sinalização entero-hormonal e baixa resposta da secreção do peptídeo glucagon-1, que poderia ser explicado por uma densidade menor de células L ou uma distribuição mais distal ao longo do intestino delgado. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a diferença da densidade de células L nos segmentos do intestino delgado de pacientes obesos graves submetidos à gastroplastia em Y de Roux, em período pós-operatório tardio, com padronização de alça alimentar e biliopancreática com extensão de 60 cm em ambas. MÉTODOS: Ensaios de análises de imuno-histoquímica foram feitos a partir de biopsias intestinais obtidas em três segmentos: junto à anastomose gastrointestinal (AGI= Ponto A), junto à anastomose entero-enteral (AEE= Ponto B= 60 cm distal à AGI) e 60 cm distalmente à anastomose entero-enteral (Ponto C). Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de imunomarcação do peptídeo glucagon-1 secretado pelas células L. RESULTADOS: Foi observada maior densidade de células L na porção mais distal do intestino delgado (Ponto C) quando comparada às porções mais proximais (Ponto A e B). CONCLUSÕES: Em pacientes no pós-operatório de gastroplastia em Y de Roux, identificou-se concentração maior de células L já na porção a 60 cm distalmente a entero-entero anastomose quando comparada aos segmentos proximais, o que pode explicar diferenças na sensibilização no lúmen intestinal e na resposta entero-hormonal.

9.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 34(4): e1626, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360002

ABSTRACT

RESUMO - RACIONAL: A doença hepática gordurosa não-alcoólica já é considerada um problema de saúde pública, principalmente em pacientes com obesidade severa. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os diferentes escores de bioquímiosa disponíveis e determinar qual deles poderia servir melhor como uma ferramenta de avaliação da NAFLD em uma população de obesos. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo transversal de pacientes obesos. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados com parâmetros laboratoriais séricos 1 semana antes da biópsia e todos os pacientes foram submetidos a biópsia hepática intra-operatória, durante a cirurgia bariátrica. RESULTADOS: Cento e quarenta e três pacientes obesos foram incluídos. Apenas APRI (0,65; IC 95%: 0,55 a 0,8) e HOMA-IR (0,7; IC 95%: 0,58 a 0,82) mostraram capacidade significativa de predição de esteatose grave. HSI, NALFDS, ALS / AST e FIB-4 não foram capazes de prever corretamente esteatose grave na biópsia hepática. APRI mostrou alta especificidade (82%) e baixa sensibilidade (54%). Em contraste, o HOMA-IR apresentou alta sensibilidade (84%) e baixa especificidade (48%). CONCLUSÃO: O NALFDS, FIB-4, AST / ALT e HSI não têm utilidade para avaliação de esteatose grave em pacientes com obesidade severa. Diabetes e avaliação bioquímica relacionada à resistência à insulina, como o HOMA-IR, podem ser empregados como boas ferramentas de rastreamento para esteatose grave em tais pacientes. O escore APRI é a ferramenta diagnóstica bioquímica mais específica para esteatose em pacientes com obesidade severa e pode ser empregado, por equipes médicas, para auxiliar na indicação de cirurgia bariátrica ou metabólica.


ABSTRACT - INTRODUCTION: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a public health problem, mainly in severely obese patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate different biochemical-based scores available and determine which one could best serve as an NAFLD predicting tool in a severely obese population. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving severely obese patients. All patients were evaluated with serum laboratory parameters for 1 week before biopsy, and all patients were treated with intraoperative liver biopsy, during bariatric surgery. RESULTS: A total of 143 severely obese patients were included. The median body mass index (BMI) was 48 kg/m2 (35-65). Diabetes mellitus was present in 36%, and steatosis was present in 93% (severe steatosis in 20%). Only aspartate transaminase (AST) to platelet ratio index (APRI=0.65 (95% CI: 0.55-0.8) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR=0.7 (95% CI: 0.58-0.82) showed significant capacity for the prediction of severe steatosis. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI), NAFLD fibrosis score (NAFLDS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/AST, and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) were not able to correctly predict severe steatosis on liver biopsy. APRI showed high specificity of 82% and low sensitivity of 54%. In contrast, HOMA-IR showed high sensitivity of 84% and low specificity of 48%. CONCLUSIONS: NAFLDS, FIB-4, AST/ALT, and HSI have no utility for the evaluation of severe steatosis in severely obese patients. Diabetes and insulin-resistance-related biochemical assessments, such as HOMA-IR, can be used as good screening tools for severe steatosis in these patients. APRI score is the most specific biochemical diagnostic tool for steatosis in severely obese patients and can help clinicians to decide the need for bariatric or metabolic surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Insulin Resistance , Bariatric Surgery , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications , Cross-Sectional Studies , Obesity
10.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 34(1): e1579, 2021. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1284900

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: In the last decades, numerous studies have confirmed the importance of lactate - by-product to the nutrient signal of the intracellular redox state - to regulatory functions in energy metabolism. Aim: To evaluate changes in blood lactate in patients with severe obesity and its correlation with body composition and metabolic profile. Methods: Twenty-four people with severe obesity (BMI=40 kg/m2) were evaluated in a prospective case-control study before and six months after Roux-in-Y gastric bypass. The blood lactate, total cholesterol, and fractions, C-reactive protein and HOMA-IR were analyzed after 12 h fasting. Body mass composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance and respiratory quotient was measured by indirect calorimetry. Results: The initial lactate level was 2.5±1.1 mmol/l and returned to normal level (1.9±3.6 mmol/l, p=0.0018) after surgery. This reduction was positively correlated with a decrease in BMI (p=0.0001), % free fat mass (p=0,001), % fat mass (p=0.001) and HOMA-IR (p=0.01). There was normalization of lactatemia in 70% of patients. There was no correlation between lactatemia and C-reactive protein. Conclusions: There was a significant improvement of metabolic parameters, normalization of blood lactate, fat mass loss, although these individuals remained with a high BMI.


RESUMO Racional: Nas últimas décadas, inúmeros estudos confirmam a importância do lactato - subproduto ao sinal de nutrientes do estado redox intracelular - às funções reguladoras do metabolismo energético. Objetivo: Avaliar alterações no lactato sanguíneo em pacientes com obesidade grave e sua correlação com a composição corporal e o perfil metabólico. Métodos: Vinte e quatro pacientes com obesidade grave (IMC=40 kg/m2) foram avaliadas em um estudo prospectivo antes e após seis meses do bypass gástrico em Y-de-Roux. O lactato sanguíneo, colesterol total e frações, proteína C-reativa e HOMA-IR foram analisados após 12h de jejum. A composição corporal foi avaliada por bioimpedância elétrica e o quociente respiratório por calorimetria indireta. Resultados: O nível inicial de lactato foi de 2,5±1,1 mmol/l e retornou ao nível normal após a operação (1,9±3,6 mmol/l, p=0,0018). Essa redução foi correlacionada positivamente com a diminuição do IMC (p=0,0001), % de massa livre de gordura (p=0,001) e % de massa de gordura (p=0,001) e HOMA-IR (p=0,01). Houve normalização da lactatemia em 70% dos pacientes. Não houve correlação entre lactatemia e proteína C-reativa. Conclusões: Houve melhora significativa dos parâmetros metabólicos e normalização da lactatemia, perda de massa gorda, embora esses indivíduos permanecessem com IMC elevado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Gastric Bypass , Metabolic Syndrome , Body Mass Index , Case-Control Studies , Prospective Studies , Lactic Acid
11.
Clinics ; 76: e2906, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286091

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Several predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission after metabolic surgery have been proposed and used to develop predictive scores. These scores may not be reproducible in diverse geographic regions with different baseline characteristics. This study aimed to identify predictive factors associated with T2DM remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in patients with severe obesity. We hypothesized that the body composition alterations induced by bariatric surgery could also contribute to diabetes remission. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 100 patients with severe obesity and T2DM who underwent RYGB between 2014 and 2016 for preoperative factors (age, diabetes duration, insulin use, HbA1c, C-peptide plasma level, and basal insulinemia) to identify predictors of T2DM remission (glycemia<126 mg/dL and/or HbA1c<6.5%) at 3 years postoperatively. The potential preoperative predictors were prospectively applied to 20 other patients with obesity and T2DM who underwent RYGB for validation. In addition, 81 patients with severe obesity (33 with T2DM) underwent body composition evaluations by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody 770®) 1 year after RYGB for comparison of body composition changes between patients with and those without T2DM. RESULTS: The retrospective analysis identified only a C-peptide level >3 ng/dL as a positive predictor of 3-year postoperative diabetes remission, which was validated in the prospective phase. There was a significant difference in the postoperative body composition changes between non-diabetic and diabetic patients only in trunk mass. CONCLUSION: Preoperative C-peptide levels can be useful for predicting T2DM remission after RYGB. Trunk mass is the most important difference in postoperative body composition changes between non-diabetic and diabetic patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Gastric Bypass , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Body Composition , Remission Induction , C-Peptide , Body Mass Index , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
12.
Clinics ; 75: e1588, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101089

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The number of bariatric procedures has significantly increased in Brazil, especially in the public Unified Health System. The present study describes health outcomes and medication use in obese patients treated in a major hospital that performs publicly funded surgery in Brazil. METHODS: A retrospective, single center study was conducted to collect real-world evidence of health outcomes and medication use in 247 obese patients (female, 82.2%) who underwent open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Changes in weight and body mass index (BMI), presence of apnea, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and medication use (hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia) were assessed preoperatively and up to 24 months postoperatively. The mean cost of medications was calculated for the 12-month preoperative and 24-month postoperative periods. RESULTS: During the surgery, the mean age of patients was 43.42 years (standard deviation [SD], 10.9 years), and mean BMI was 46.7 kg/m2 (SD, 6.7 kg/m2). At 24 months, significant declines were noted in weight (mean, -37.6 kg), BMI (mean, -14.3 kg/m2); presence of T2D, hypertension, and apnea (-29.6%, -50.6%, and -20.9%, respectively); and number of patients using medications (-66.67% for diabetes, -41.86% for hypertension, and -55.26% for dyslipidemia). The mean cost of medications (total costs for all medications) decreased by >50% in 12-24 postoperative months compared to that in 12 preoperative months. CONCLUSION: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass successfully reduced weight, BMI, and comorbidities and medication use and cost at 24 months in Brazilian patients treated in the public Unified Health System.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Gastric Bypass/methods , Laparoscopy , Bariatric Surgery , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Brazil , Weight Loss , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/drug therapy , Body Mass Index , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Diabetes Complications/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Dyslipidemias/complications , Dyslipidemias/drug therapy , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/drug therapy
13.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 33(2): e1513, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1130520

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Extended vertical gastrectomy is a variation of the vertical gastrectomy technique requiring studies to elucidate safety in relation to gastroesophageal reflux. Aim: To analyze comparatively vertical gastrectomy (VG) and extended vertical gastrectomy (EVG) in rats with obesity induced by cafeteria diet in relation to the presence of reflux esophagitis, weight loss and macroscopic changes related to the procedures. Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into three groups, and after the obesity induction period by means of a 28-day cafeteria diet, underwent a simulated surgery (CG), VG and VGA. The animals were followed up for 28 days in the post-operative period, and after euthanasia, the reflux esophagitis evaluation was histopathologically performed. Weight and macroscopy were the other variables; weight was measured weekly and the macroscopic evaluation was performed during euthanasia. Results: All animals presented some degree of inflammation and the presence of at least one inflammation criterion; however, there was no statistically significant difference in the analysis among the groups. In relation to weight loss, the animals in CG showed a gradual increase during the whole experiment, evolving to super-obesity at the end of the study, while the ones with VG and EVG had weight regain after the first post-operative period; however, a less marked regain compared to CG, both for VG and EVG. Conclusion: There is no difference in relation to reflux esophagitis VG and EVG, as well as macroscopic alterations, and both techniques have the ability to control the evolution of weight during postoperative period in relation to CG.


RESUMO Racional: A gastrectomia vertical ampliada é uma variação da técnica da gastrectomia vertical, necessitando de estudos a fim de elucidar a segurança em relação ao refluxo gastroesofágico. Objetivo: Analisar comparativamente gastrectomia vertical (GV) e gastrectomia vertical ampliada (GVA) em ratos com obesidade induzida por dieta cafeteria em relação à presença de esofagite de refluxo, perda de peso e alterações macroscópicas relacionadas aos procedimentos. Método: Trinta ratos Wistar foram randomizados em três grupos, e após período de indução de obesidade por meio de dieta cafeteria de 28 dias, foram submetidos a operação simulada (grupo controle GC), gastrectomia vertical (grupo GV) e gastrectomia vertical ampliada (grupo GVA). Os animais foram acompanhados por 28 dias no pós-operatório e, após a eutanásia, foi realizada a pesquisa de esofagite de refluxo através de avaliação histopatológica. Peso e avaliação macroscópica foram as outras variáveis de estudo, sendo o peso aferido semanalmente e a avaliação macroscópica no momento da eutanásia. Resultados: Todos os animais apresentaram algum grau de inflamação e a presença de ao menos um critério de inflamação, porém, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na análise entre os grupos. Em relação à perda de peso, os animais do GC apresentaram aumento gradativo durante todo experimento evoluindo para super-obesidade ao término do estudo, enquanto os dos grupos GV e GVA tiveram reganho de peso após a primeira semana do pós-operatório, porém, reganho menos acentuado se comparável ao GC, tanto para GV quanto para GVA. Conclusões: Não há diferença em relação à esofagite de refluxo entre GV e GVA, bem como em relação às alterações macroscópicas. Ambas as técnicas têm capacidade de controlar a evolução do peso no pós-operatório em relação ao grupo controle.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rats , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Gastrectomy/methods , Obesity/surgery , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Gastrectomy/adverse effects
14.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 47: e20202640, 2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1136563

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Prioritizing surgical procedures aims at facilitating patient's access according to the clinical needs, maximizing access equity, and minimizing the damage from delayed access. Previous categorization of elective bariatric surgery have been adapted to define an objective prioritizing system that reflects those principles for bariatric and metabolic operations. Given the factors that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of obese and type 2 diabetes patients, surgical prioritization should be based on clinical risk stratification. For patients with type 2 diabetes, we suggest that the operation may be prioritized for those with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality in a relatively short term. Likewise, it is necessary to guide the surgical team regarding the necessary care both in the pre, per and postoperative periods of bariatric and metabolic surgery. These recommendations aim to reduce the risk of in-hospital contamination of the surgical team among health professionals and between health professionals and patients. In summary, these recommendations have been shaped after a thorough analysis of the available literature and are extremely important to mitigate the harm related to the clinical complications of obesity and its comorbidities while keeping healthcare providers' and patients' safety.


RESUMO A priorização de qualquer operação eletiva visa facilitar o acesso do paciente de acordo com as necessidades clínicas, maximizando a equidade de acesso e minimizando os danos causados pelo atraso. As categorias de operações eletivas foram adaptadas para definir sistema de priorização objetiva que reflete esses princípios para operações bariátricas e metabólicas. Em razão dos fatores que contribuem para a morbidade e mortalidade da obesidade e do diabetes tipo 2, a priorização cirúrgica deve ser baseada na estratificação de risco clínico. Para pacientes com diabetes tipo 2, sugerimos que a operação possa ser priorizada para aqueles com maior risco de morbidade e mortalidade, em prazo relativamente curto. Da mesma forma, é necessário orientar a equipe cirúrgica quanto aos cuidados necessários tanto no pré, per e pós-operatório da cirurgia bariátrica e metabólica. As recomendações visam reduzir o risco de contágio hospitalar da equipe cirúrgica tanto entre profissionais de saúde quanto entre profissionais de saúde e pacientes. Em resumo, estas recomendações foram moldadas após análise minuciosa da literatura disponível e são extremamente importantes para mitigar os danos das complicações clínicas, sensíveis a doença obesidade e comorbidades, mantendo a segurança dos profissionais de saúde e dos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Elective Surgical Procedures/standards , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Bariatric Surgery/standards , Pandemics/prevention & control , Betacoronavirus , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Brazil , Guidelines as Topic , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Health Priorities
15.
Clinics ; 74: e1198, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039552

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The gut microbiota is associated with obesity and weight loss after bariatric surgery and has been related to its changing pattern. Exactly how the bacterial population affects weight loss and the results of surgery remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the intestinal microbiota of superobese patients before and after gastric bypass surgery (RYGB). METHOD: DNA fragments for the microbiota obtained from stool samples collected from nine superobese patients before and after bariatric surgery were sequenced using Ion Torrent. RESULTS: We observed that with a mean follow-up of 15 months, patients achieved 55.9% excess weight loss (EWL). A significant population reduction in the Proteobacteria phylum (11 to 2%, p=0.0025) was observed after surgery, while no difference was seen in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Further analyses performed with two specific individuals with divergent clinical outcomes showed a change in the pattern between them, with a significant increase in Firmicutes and a decrease in Bacteroidetes in the patient with less weight loss (%EWL 50.79 vs. 61.85). CONCLUSIONS: RYGB affects the microbiota of superobese patients, with a significant reduction in Proteobacteria in patients with different weight loss, showing that different bacteria may contribute to the process.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/microbiology , Weight Loss , Bariatric Surgery , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis , Follow-Up Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Feces/microbiology
16.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 32(3): e1450, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038027

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Obesity is a disease of high prevalence in Brazil and in the world, and bariatric surgery, with its different techniques, is an alternative treatment. Objective: To compare techniques: adjustable gastric band (AGB), sleeve gastrectomy), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) analyzing leaks, bleeding, death, weight loss, resolution of type 2 diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: Were selected studies in the PubMed database from 2003 to 2014 using the descriptors: obesity surgery; bariatric surgery; biliopancreatic diversion; sleeve gastrectomy; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and adjustable gastric banding. Two hundred and forty-four articles were found with the search strategy of which there were selected 116 studies through the inclusion criteria. Results: Excess weight loss (EWL) after five years in AGB was 48.35%; 52.7% in SG; 71.04% in RYGB and 77.90% in BPD. The postoperative mortality was 0.05% in the AGB; 0.16% on SG; 0.60% in RYGB and 2.52% in BPD. The occurrence of leak was 0.68% for GBA; 1.93% for SG; 2.18% for RYGB and 5.23% for BPD. The incidence of bleeding was 0.44% in AGB; 1.29% in SG; 0.81% in RYGB and 2.09% in BPD. The rate of DM2 resolved was 46.80% in AGB, 79.38% in SG, 79.86% in RYGB and 90.78% in BPD. The rate of dyslipidemia, apnea and hypertension resolved showed no statistical differences between the techniques. Conclusion: The AGB has the lowest morbidity and mortality and it is the worst in EWL and resolution of type 2 diabetes. The SG has low morbidity and mortality, good resolution of comorbidities and EWL lower than in RYGB and BPD. The RYGB has higher morbidity and mortality than AGB, good resolution of comorbidities and EWL similar to BPD. The BPD is the worst in mortality and bleeding and better in EWL and resolution of comorbidities.


RESUMO Introdução: A obesidade é afecção de alta prevalência no Brasil e no mundo e a cirurgia bariátrica, com suas diferentes técnicas, é alternativa para o tratamento. Objetivo: Comparar as técnicas da banda gástrica ajustável (BGA), gastrectomia vertical (GV), gastroplastia com derivação em Y-de-Roux (GDYR) e derivação biliopancreática (DBP) focando fístula, sangramento, óbito, perda e reganho ponderal, e resolução das comorbidades diabete melito tipo 2 (DM2), hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), dislipidemia e apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS). Métodos: Buscou-se os estudos na base de dados PubMed de 2003 a 2014 usando os descritores: obesity surgery; bariatric surgery; biliopancreatic diversion; sleeve gastrectomy; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass e adjustable gastric banding. Dessa busca foram recuperadas 244 publicações sendo selecionados 116 após aplicar os critérios de inclusão/exclusão. Resultados: A perda de excesso de peso (PEP) após cinco anos foi 48,35% na BGA; 52,7% na GV; 71,04% na GDYR e 77,90% na DBP. A mortalidade pós-operatória foi 0,05% na BGA; 0,16% na GV; 0,60% na GDYR e 2,52% na DBP. A ocorrência de fístulas foi 0,68% para BGA; 1,93% para GV; 2,18% para GDYR e 5,23% para DBP. A ocorrência de sangramento foi 0,44% na BGA; 1,29% na GV; 0,81% na GDYR e 2,09% na DBP. A taxa do DM2 resolvida foi de 46,80% na BGA, 79,38% na GV, 79,86% na GDYR e 90,78% na DBP. A taxa de dislipidemia, apneia e hipertensão resolvidas não demonstraram diferenças estatísticas entre as técnicas. Conclusões: A BGA apresenta a menor morbimortalidade e é a pior em PEP e resolução do DM2. A GV apresenta baixa morbimortalidade, boa resolução das comorbidades e PEP inferior às GDYR e DBP. A GDYR apresenta morbimortalidade superior à BGA, boa resolução das comorbidades e PEP semelhante à DBP. A DBP é a pior em mortalidade e sangramento e melhor em PEP e resolução das comorbidades.


Subject(s)
Humans , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Brazil , Gastroplasty/methods , Weight Gain , Weight Loss , Biliopancreatic Diversion/methods , Treatment Outcome , Bariatric Surgery/statistics & numerical data
17.
Clinics ; 74: e560, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989632

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the changes in the body composition of morbidly obese patients induced by a very low-calorie diet. METHODS: We evaluated 120 patients selected from a university hospital. Body composition was assessed before and after the diet provided during hospitalization, and changes in weight, body mass index, and neck, waist and hip circumferences were analyzed. Bioimpedance was used to obtain body fat and fat-free mass values. The data were categorized by gender, age, body mass index and diabetes diagnosis. RESULTS: The patients consumed the diet for 8 days. They presented a 5% weight loss (without significant difference among groups), which represented an 85% reduction in body fat. All changes in body circumference were statistically significant. There was greater weight loss and a greater reduction of body fat in men, but the elderly showed a significantly higher percentage of weight loss and greater reductions in body fat and fat-free mass. Greater reductions in body fat and fat-free mass were also observed in superobese patients. The changes in the diabetic participants did not differ significantly from those of the non-diabetic participants. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a VLCD before bariatric surgery led to a loss of weight at the expense of body fat over a short period, with no significant differences in the alteration of body composition according to gender, age, body mass index and diabetes status.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Body Composition , Obesity, Morbid/diet therapy , Weight Loss/physiology , Diet, Reducing/methods , Bariatric Surgery , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Preoperative Care/methods , Body Mass Index , Sex Factors , Prospective Studies , Age Factors , Diabetes Mellitus/diet therapy , Diabetes Mellitus/physiopathology , Waist Circumference , Hip/anatomy & histology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Neck/anatomy & histology
18.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 31(1): e1362, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949209

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Body mass index (BMI) has some limitations for nutritional diagnosis since it does not represent an accurate measure of body fat and it is unable to identify predominant fat distribution. Aim: To develop a BMI based on the ratio of trunk mass and height. Methods: Fifty-seven patients in preoperative evaluation to bariatric surgery were evaluated. The preoperative anthropometric evaluation assessed weight, height and BMI. The body composition was evaluated by bioimpedance, obtaining the trunk fat free mass and fat mass, and trunk height. Trunk BMI (tBMI) was calculated by the sum of the measurements of the trunk fat free mass (tFFM) and trunk fat mass (tFM) in kg, divided by the trunk height squared (m2)). The calculation of the trunk fat BMI (tfBMI) was calculated by tFM, in kg, divided by the trunk height squared (m2)). For the correction and adjustment of the tBMI and tfBMI, it was calculated the relation between trunk extension and height, multiplying by the obtained indexes. Results: The mean data was: weight 125.3±19.5 kg, height 1.63±0.1 m, BMI was 47±5 kg/m2) and trunk height was 0.52±0,1 m, tFFM was 29.05±4,8 kg, tFM was 27.2±3.7 kg, trunk mass index was 66.6±10.3 kg/m², and trunk fat was 32.3±5.8 kg/m². In 93% of the patients there was an increase in obesity class using the tBMI. In patients with grade III obesity the tBMI reclassified to super obesity in 72% of patients and to super-super obesity in 24% of the patients. Conclusion: The trunk BMI is simple and allows a new reference for the evaluation of the body mass distribution, and therefore a new reclassification of the obesity class, evidencing the severity of obesity in a more objectively way.


RESUMO Racional: O índice de massa corporal (IMC) para diagnóstico nutricional apresenta limitações, pois não representa medida precisa da adiposidade corporal, podendo assim subestimar a presença de obesidade. Objetivo: Desenvolver um índice de massa corporal baseado entre a relação da massa e altura do tronco. Método: Cinquenta e sete pacientes em preparo pré-operatório para cirurgia bariátrica foram submetidos à avaliação antropométrica (peso, altura e índice de massa corporal). Para cálculo do IMC do tronco foi avaliada a composição corporal pela bioimpedância, obtendo-se a massa livre de gordura e massa de gordura do tronco; a medida do tronco foi calculada pela diferença entre a altura a partir da sétima vértebra cervical e a extensão dos membros inferiores. O cálculo do IMC do tronco (IMCt) foi a soma das medidas da massa livre de gordura do tronco (MLGt) e massa de gordura do tronco (MGt), em kg, dividindo-se pelo quadrado da altura do tronco (m2)). O IMC de gordura do tronco (IMCgt) foi calculado utilizando a MGt, em kg, dividindo-a pelo quadrado da altura do tronco (m2)). Para correção e ajuste do IMCt e IMCgt foi calculada a relação entre os valores de extensão do tronco e da altura, multiplicando-se pelo valor dos índices obtidos. Resultados: As médias do peso e altura foram de 125,3±19,5 kg e 1,63 m±0,1, respectivamente, e do IMC de 47±5 kg/m2). A média da altura do tronco foi de 0,52±0,1 m, da MLGt de 29,05±4,8 kg, da MGt de 27,2±3,7 kg, do IMCt de 66,6±10,3 kg/m², e do IMCgt 32,3±5,8 kg/m². Em 93% dos pacientes houve aumento da classificação da gravidade da obesidade com o cálculo do IMCt . Nos pacientes com obesidade grau III, o IMCt alterou a classificação para super-obesidade em 72% dos pacientes e para super-super obesidade em 24% dos pacientes. Conclusão: O IMC do tronco é método antropométrico acessível e prático, que permite a reclassificação do IMC baseado na distribuição da massa do tronco, evidenciando de forma mais clara a gravidade da obesidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Body Mass Index , Thorax , Body Composition , Body Height , Obesity/classification
19.
Clinics ; 72(5): 272-275, May 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840072

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate associations between maximum voluntary contraction torques of the lower limbs and body composition for subjects with severe obesity. METHODS: Body composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and maximum voluntary contraction torques of the lower limbs were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. One hundred thirty-two patients were enrolled (100 females and 32 males). Eighty-seven patients had a body mass index between 40 and 49.9 kg/m2 (the A group), and 45 patients had a body mass index between 50 and 59.9 kg/m2 (the B group). RESULTS: Absolute extension and flexion torques had weak associations with fat-free mass but a moderate association with absolute extension torque and fat-free mass of the lower limbs. There were no significant differences between the A and B groups with respect to absolute extension and flexion torques. For the A group, absolute extension and flexion torques were moderately associated with fat-free mass and with fat-free mass of the lower limbs. For the B group, there were only moderate associations between absolute extension and flexion torques with fat-free mass of the lower limbs. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that both groups exhibited similar absolute torque values. There were weak to moderate associations between absolute extension and flexion torques and fat-free mass but a moderate association with fat-free mass of the lower limbs. Individuals with severe obesity should strive for greater absolute torques, fat-free mass and especially fat-free mass of the lower limbs to prevent functional limitations and physical incapacity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Body Composition/physiology , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Muscle Strength/physiology , Obesity, Morbid/physiopathology , Anthropometry , Electric Impedance , Lower Extremity/physiopathology , Muscle Strength Dynamometer , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Reference Values , Severity of Illness Index , Statistics, Nonparametric , Torque
20.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 61(2): 139-143, mar-apr/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-749006

ABSTRACT

Summary Objective: to examine the association between preoperative body weight, adherence to postsurgical nutritional follow-up, length of postoperative period, and weight loss during the first 18 months among adults who have undergone bariatric surgery. Methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted on 241 consecutive patients who underwent open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) from January 2006 to December 2008, in a teaching hospital in São Paulo (Brazil). Data were collected through hospital records review and the variables analyzed included sex, age, immediate preoperative weight, adherence to postsurgical nutritional visits and length of postoperative period. Proportional body weight reductions during the 18-month follow-up period were examined using generalized estimating equations. Results: 81% (n=195) of participants were female, with overall mean age of 44.4 ± 11.6 years, mean preoperative weight of 123.1± 21.2 kg and mean preoperative body mass index of 47.2± 6.2 kg/m2. The overall adherence to postoperative follow- up schedule was 51% (95%CI: 44.5-57.5%). Preoperative body weight and adherence were not associated with proportional weight reduction (Wald’s test p > 0.18). Weight loss leveled off at the end of the 18-month follow-up period for both compliant and non-compliant patients (Wald’s test p = 0.00). Conclusions: our study showed that weight loss occurred steadily over the first 18 months after RYGBP, leveling off at around 40% weight reduction. It was associated with neither presurgical weight, nor nutritional follow-up and it may be primarily dependent on the surgical body alterations themselves. This finding may have implications for intervention strategies aimed at motivating patients to comply with early postsurgical and life-long follow-up. .


Resumo Objetivo: examinar a perda de peso nos primeiros 18 meses em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos: um estudo de coorte retrospectiva foi realizado com 241 adultos submetidos à gastroplastia, entre janeiro/2006 e dezembro/2008, em um centro em São Paulo (Brasil). Foi feita a revisão dos prontuários e as variáveis analisadas foram sexo, idade, peso pré-cirúrgico imediato, adesão ao seguimento nutricional pós-operatório e duração do período pós-operatório. A proporção do peso inicial perdido durante os 18 primeiros meses pós-cirurgia foi analisada pela técnica de equações generalizadas de estimação. Resultados: 81% (n=195) eram mulheres; média de idade 44,4 ± 11,6 anos; média de peso pré-operatório 123,1± 21,2 kg; média do índice de massa corporal 47.2± 6.2 kg/m2. A prevalência de adesão ao seguimento nutricional pós-cirúrgico foi de 51% (IC95% = 44,5-57,5%). Peso pré-cirúrgico e adesão não se mostraram significativamente associados à redução da proporção do peso inicial (Teste de Wald p>0,18). A perda de peso tendeu a diminuir no final do período de 18 meses pós-cirúrgico nos grupos de pacientes aderentes e não aderentes (Teste de Wald p=0,00). Conclusão: nosso estudo mostrou que a perda de peso durante os primeiros 18 meses após a cirurgia chega a 40% do peso. O emagrecimento não foi associado ao peso pré-operatório, nem à adesão ao seguimento nutricional pós-cirúrgico e pode depender, principalmente, das alterações promovidas pelo procedimento cirúrgico em si. Esse achado poderá levar à proposição de intervenções para motivar os pacientes ao seguimento pós-operatório. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Bariatric Surgery , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Weight Loss , Body Mass Index , Body Weights and Measures , Brazil , Follow-Up Studies , Nutrition Assessment , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
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